- Greco-Roman Zodiac: Aries, Cardinal; Fire; Ruler exalted
- Zodiacal animal is Ram (Aries); stone is diamond
- Roman zodiacal animal is Ram, owl; plant, Tiger Lily or Geranium; gem, Ruby; color, Red
- Amerindian animal is Red Hawk; plant, Dandelion; mineral, Fire Opal; color, Yellow
- Chinese animal associations are Rabbit, Cat, Horse, Pig or Boar
- Eck-Vidya associations - Ebkia, Opal, April, Yigerta, Years of the Beautiful Flowers
4.4.4.1 Western Zodiac: Aries (Walker 289)
- to the Persians, it was Varak, the Lamb; to the Greeks, it was Krios, the Ram
- in India, Mesha or Aja, the Ram or the Goat
- Babylonians called it Zappa, the Hair or Hunga, the Worker
- Romans knew it as Minerva
- perhaps linguistic confusion of Aries with the Greek war god Ares (Mars to Romans)
- caused the ram to be traditionally associated with warlike planet Mars and somewhat Martian characteristics as
- aggression, quick temper, determination, courage
- impetuosity, high levels of activity, sometimes rashness
- caused the ram to be traditionally associated with warlike planet Mars and somewhat Martian characteristics as
- also associated with element of Fire
- Aries and Fire
- related ideas of warmth, enthusiasm, vital powers, sanguine spirit
- domestic strife, and varying fortune is often attributed to Aries people
4.4.4.2 Western Planet Associations: Mars (Walker 213)
- sign is standard for Mars; "male" in botany and zoology
- as counter sign to Venus ("female")
- Mars became associated with Venus, in classical mythology, as one of her lovers
- possibly because the pair stood for a yang-and-yin of alternation of opposites: love and hate
- Greek version was Ares, god of strife and discord
- Scandinavian version was Nergal, "Shedder of Blood"
- a god linked with misfortune and disaster, a Lord of Death
- Mars was not originally a god of war:
- his earliest Etruscan image was that of a sacrificial fertility god Maris
- worshipped at an ancient shrine in northern Latrum (Whittick)
- like most fertility saviors, mated to the Goddess Marica
- upon which he begat divine king Latinus, legendary ancestor of all Latin tribes
- his earliest Etruscan image was that of a sacrificial fertility god Maris
- Mars was incarnation in the sacrificial goat, Faunus
- he was the flayed satyr-hero Marsyas in Greek myth
- it was his flaying that earned him the name of the Red God (Larousse)
- probably due to military exercises on the Roman Campus Martius, "Field of Mars"
- where the ancient sacrifices were once made
- Mars became patron of Roman legions
- then he became god of Battle as soldiers carried his emblems on campaigns
- they called him Marspita, "Father Mars"
- his sacred day called "dies Martis" was Tuesday
- named in English after Tiw, whom the Romans called the northern Mars
- classical writers insisted that he was virgin-born (the usual requirement for heroes)
- from the Queen of Heaven herself, Juno
- to conceive Mars, she rejected her spouse, Jupiter
- then magically fertilized herself with her own sacred lily
- sign is standard for Mars; "male" in botany and zoology
4.4.4.3 Zodiac: Aries, Chnoum (Phenomenon 42-45)
- direction is Cardinal; masculine; Fire sign
- Ruler is Mars; exaltation is Sun
- Hebrew, Arabic, Greek, and Hieroglyph associastions
- symbol is Ram; body part is head, eyes; meridian is kidney
- alchemical is calcination; tarot, Emperor; geomancy, Puer; Genii, Papus
- Egyptian Chnoum, the Moulder; Greek Ares, Roman Mars
- weapons, the Horns; perfume, Dragon's Blood
- Athene, Greek Goddess of Wisdom and the Arts
- Aries produces strong primal self-assertive energy
- the driving force and urge to act, daring and intuitive, new enterprises
- adventurers, soldiers, pioneers, adventurers, metal workers, butchers, gangsters
- direction is Cardinal; masculine; Fire sign
4.4 Red Hawk - Budding Trees Moon
4.4.2 Comparisons of the Western Zodiac, the Medicine Wheel, and the Chinese Zodiac
4.4.4 Western Zodiac
